Sheet piling



06t- 22, 1935- J. JENSEN 2,018,446

SHEET PILING Filed June 18, 1934 :Z5/Zaan n e.; Jen/,sew

Patented Oct. 22, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application June 18, 1934, Serial No. 731,210 In Germany September 9, 1933 4 Claims.

The present invention relates to border-piling elements of the kind, in which each pair of adjoining assembled elements forms a pipe.

Such elements, provided with the necessary 5 guiding and locking members, are known, but are subject to the drawback that the guiding and locking members are disadvantageously placed. Thus elements are known, the cross-section of which is mainly U- or Z-shaped, and the guiding and locking members of which consist of inner guides or bulbs, xed on the free edges of the flanges, and embraced in guides or claws, xed on the trunk or bottom of the elements. Such an arrangement will, however, involve considerable 1-5 diiiiculties upon the immersion of the element.

By way of example the immersion can be made in such a way that the bulbs during the immersion are guided in the claws of an element previously immersed, but as these claws are lled with soil, which must now be pressed out of them in order to give roo-m for the bulbs, it is obvious that the immersion is highly impeded, the operation itself contributing to a further compression of the soil contained in the claws.

It is also possible to provide a construction in which. upon immersion of an element, the flanges with thebulbs placed thereon are free, while the claws of an adjoining element are guided around the bulbs of the element previously immersed.

This is much easier accomplished, as the soil can escape to all sides when the claws are immersed around the bulbs previously immersed, but, then this arrangement involves the drawback that the flanges are free and should they in the course of the immersion strike a stone or other inequalities of the soil, they will tend to deflect sidewards and be more or less deformed, which will render the placing and immersion of the succeeding element diliicult.

m The above mentioned drawbacks are avoided by the element according to the invention in that the embracing guides (claws) of the element are fixed at the free edges of its side Walls or flanges, Whereas its inner guides (bulbs) are to be found on its trunk or bottom. By this arrangement the immersion is immensely facilitated when the element, which is to be immersed, is placed in such a way that its embracing guides embrace the inner guides of an element previously immersed, as in this way the anges of the element are at the same time steered so that they cannot swerve sidewards.

Furthermore, the border-piling elements known are subject to the drawback that they are hardly able to resist lateral pressure, i. e. pressure acting in the cross-direction of the finished border-piling. Therefore, the invention also aims at the making of a border-piling element which in itself makes a pip-e, or which by the immersion together with an adjoining element X5 previously immersed forms a pipe, and which is able to resist stro-nger forces in the cross-direction mentioned than the elements generally known with a simultaneous better utilization of the material of the element. According to the l0 invention this is achieved through the fact that the cross-sectional larea of the element increases downwardly.

In the drawing:

Figure l is a diagrammatic View showing a. 15. cross-section through a border-piling according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary detail view showing the joint arrangements and drawn on a larger scale than Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of part o-f a borderpiling.

Fig. 4 is a section on the line a-d of Fig. 3, drawn on a larger scale than Fig. 3.

The border-piling shown in Fig. 1 consists of a 25 series of uniform side-pieces I-B and crosspieees of intermediate pieces S-II. Thus the first of the elements shown in the drawing consists of the pieces I, 9 and 5, the next of the pieces 2, IG and 6 and so on. Before the ram- 30 ming the parts are joined into elements as shown for I, 9 and 5 and for 2, IB and 6. Each of the side-pieces I-8 have along each edge claws I2, and along one edge, the one turning away from the preceding elements, also a bulb I3. The 35 cross-pieces 9II have along both edges bulbs I4, which before the ramming are led into and fixed in the 'corresponding claws of the sidepieces of the element. During the ramming the claws I2 of the free edges of the element are car- 40 ried in over the bulbs I3 of the side-pieces of the preceding element. By this procedure the element is guided during the rarnming so that it keeps its form. In this way the trouble of soil filling the claws are avoided, as the claws are 45 pressed down around the bulb previously driven in so that soil cannot obstruct the rammlng.

In the cavities formed between each pair of adjoining elements cement or similar material can later be cast and, if suitable, reinforced with 50 insertion of iron. The thickness of the wall thus formed can be varied by making the intermediate pieces S-I I narrower or wider.

The joining of the intermediate pieces with the side-pieces of the elements need not be made as 55 hydraulic or pneumatic.

consist of iron, reinforced concrete, or other suitable material, and they can be individually joined of several pieces or made iny one piece, just as they can be provided with one or more sets of guiding and locking members. These members, which may be constructed so as to form one piece with the elements, may also be made Y as independent members, which may adequately have the form of bulbs or claws as described above, or they may be formed as ribs, projecting grabs, or'the like, preferably passing through the whole length of the element. Y

The immersion of the border-piling elements can be made by way of ramming or pressing, e. g. Y The soil contained in the pipes formed of the elements can be removed, e. g. through digging, rinsing, washing, cutting, or through a Vcombination of these methods, whereby'the immersion is facilitated and takes place with greater safety for proper placing of Ythe elements.

The elements according to the invention can have other forms than those hitherto known, e. g.V be of trapeziform, but then one of the nonparallel sides is removed. The elements can be used inter alia for border-pilings, bearing garlands for coiferdams, and in connection with foundation works, when the proper foundation is surrounded by a mantle or border-piling which is immersed Vtosolid foundation. In bearing garlands for coferdams the pipes formed of the elements stretch along the circumference of the cofferdam some distance down below its bottom, and the pipes mentioned can either be prolonged up above the water surface or be continued in canals in the cofferdam. By using elements like those shown in Figs. 3 and 4 it is possible to get a greater 'diameter at the bottom than at top of the tubular garland.

The elements according Vto the invention can further be used e. g. for the construction of piers, quay walls, dams, breakwaters, and similar devices, and the pipes formed of them can, during or after the placing, be filled with concrete which Y may be reinforced.

I claim as my invention:

1. A border-piling element of the type adapted, when assembled with an adjacent element, to'form a pipe, comprising an element of U- shaped cross-section, claw-like embracing guides extending longitudinally of the element on the free edges of the substantially parallel side plates thereof, and tongue-like members of dovetail cross-section extending longitudinally of the element adjacent the edges of the substantially par- 5 allel side plates which are connected by the joining web, said claw-like guides beingl adapted toV cooperate with the dovetail tongue-like members of a previously driven element.Y

2. A border-piling element of the'type adapt- 10 ed, when assembled with an adjacent element. Y to form a pipe, comprising an element of U- shaped cross-section, claw-like embracing guides extending longitudinally of the element on the free edges of the substantially parallel-side plates 15 thereof, and tongue-like members of dovetail cross-section extending longitudinally of the element adjacent the edges of the substantially parallel side plates which are connected by the joining web, said claw-like guides being adapted 20 to cooperate with the dovetail tongue-like members of a previously driven element, and said U- shaped element being formed so that the crosssection thereof increases from the upper to the Y' lower extremities thereof. 25

3. A border-piling element of the type adapted, when assembled with an adjacent element,

to form a pipe, comprising an element 0f U- shaped cross-section, claw-like embracing guides extending longitudinally of the element on the 30 free edges of the substantially parallel side plates thereof, tongue-like members of dovetail crosssection extending longitudinally of the element adjacent the edges of the substantially parallel A side plates which are connected by the joining $5 web, said claw-like guides being adapted to cooperate with the dovetail tongue-like members of a previously driven element, and meansincluding claw-like guides and cooperating members for detachably but rigidly connecting the 40.

web' to the substantially parallel sides of the U- shaped element. Y Y 4. A border-piling element ofthe type adapted, when assembled with an adjacent element, to form a pipe, comprising an element of U-shaped cross-section, claw-like embracing guides extending longitudinally of the element on the'free edges Vof the substantially parallel side plates thereof, tongue-like members of dovetail crosssection extendingV longitudinally of the element adjacent the edges of the substantially parallel side plates which are connected by the joining web, said claw-like guides being adapted to cooperate With the dovetail tongue-like members 4, of a previously driven element, said vU-shaped element being formed so that the cross-section thereof increases from the upper to the lower extremities thereof, and means including clawlike guides and cooperating members for detachx ably but rigidly connecting the web to the sub- 00 stantially parallel sides of the U-shaped element.

JOHANNES JENSEN. 

